The decision to use an electric, LP or diesel forklift is determined by the application, run-time requirements, number of shifts, and environment of your company. For assistance in making that decision, here are some advantages and disadvantages of each:
Electric Forklift Advantages
- Zero tailpipe emissions = safer work environment
- Less noise during operation
- No outside storage of tanks is necessary
- No engine, transmission, or radiator = cheaper maintenance
- Low center of gravity = better capacity and stability ratings
- Turning radius specs are better which increases storage capacity and reduces potential for damage
- Rearward visibility increased with no propane cylinder in the way
- Long major component life
- Fewer waste fluids
- Lowest total cost of ownership
Electric Forklift Disadvantages
- May not perform well when required in high/constant duty or cold/wet applications
- Cleaning, watering, and charging requirements of the battery may not be efficient in a multi-shift operation
- Forgetting to charge the battery overnight can result in significant productivity losses the next day
- Initial investment is higher
- Adequate ventilation around the lift is required when charging the battery
- Battery chargers have certain voltage requirements and the existing electrical service must meet those
- Proper safety equipment like eyewash stations and proper flooring are additional costs to consider
LPG/Propane Forklift Advantages
- Little risk associated with running out of fuel other than the inconvenience of having to change propane cylinders
- Initial investment is lower
- Better than most electric forklifts in high/constant duty applications
- Suitable for indoor applications except if there are food or beverage requirements
LPG/Propane Forklift Disadvantages
- Rearward visibility is restricted due to the location of the propane tank
- Liability exposure in the form of possible leakage of the fuel system. Operators need to be trained in safe handling of propane fuel.
- Higher fuel costs
- Higher chance of injuries due to the weight of the tanks and frequency that they need to be changed
- Freezing temperatures may cause starting or reliability issues
- Fossil fuel prices are predicted to increase over the years and not readily available in remote locations
Diesel Forklift Advantages
- Lower fuel costs
- Diesel lifts product more drive line torque at low RPM when compared to LPG and electric
- Rearward visibility is better since there is no propane tank mounted on the back
- Lower total cost of ownership when compared to LPG
- Longer engine life than the LPG
Diesel Forklift Disadvantages
- Not suitable for indoor use without expensive emissions accessories and proper ventilation
- Initial cost of investment is high
- Bulk tank for fuel storage is sometimes required and municipal regulations may apply to the tank installation
- Fossil fuel prices are predicted to increase over the years and not readily available in remote locations
Cost comparisons based on 1,000 hours a year for 5 years
